International mechanical royalties are payments to songwriters and publishers for the reproduction of their music. These royalties are collected by collection societies in each country, based on agreements with record labels and streaming services. Rates and distribution methods vary by country, ensuring creators are compensated for global music sales and streams.

Streaming services pay mechanical royalties through licensing agreements with rights organizations like the Harry Fox Agency or Music Reports. These organizations collect royalties based on streams and distribute them to songwriters and publishers. Payments are typically calculated per stream, ensuring creators receive compensation for their work.

Mechanical royalties for vinyl records are calculated based on the number of units manufactured, not sold. The rate is typically a fixed amount per unit, set by statutory law or negotiated in a contract. This rate is multiplied by the number of records pressed to determine the total royalty owed.

Mechanical royalties for cover songs are payments to songwriters or copyright holders when their music is reproduced. To legally release a cover, artists must obtain a mechanical license, often through agencies like the Harry Fox Agency. Royalties are typically calculated per unit sold or streamed, ensuring original creators are compensated.

To pay performance royalties, obtain a license from a performing rights organization (PRO) like ASCAP, BMI, or SESAC. These organizations collect fees from venues, broadcasters, and digital platforms, distributing them to songwriters and publishers. Compliance ensures legal use of copyrighted music in public performances or broadcasts, avoiding infringement penalties.

These royalties are typically split among co-writers based on their agreed-upon contribution percentages. Each co-writer receives a share proportional to their ownership in the song. This agreement is usually outlined in a split sheet or contract, ensuring all parties are compensated fairly for their creative input and collaboration.